A Numerical Study of the Effect of the Architectural Design of Different Parking Areas on the Performance of the Smoke Management System Using Jet Fans in Underground Parking Lots

Articles in Press

Document Type : Mechanics article

Authors

1 Islamic Azad University, Tabriz

2 Islamic Azad University of Tabriz

Abstract

Jet fans are one of the common equipment in underground car parks that are used to reduce smoke in case of a fire. When sensors detect a fire in a specific area, the jet fans are activated and quickly direct the smoke towards the exit shafts. However, in some cases, jet fans located in dead-end areas redirect the airflow towards the central section of the parking lot resembling a large nozzle. The high-speed airflow generated by these jet fans can disrupt the flow from other jet fans and direct the smoke to smoke-free areas. This research focuses on improving smoke management systems in critical areas of underground car parks, especially near dead-end areas, by introducing innovative jet fan designs. The study uses the OpenFOAM software with the Boussinesq Pimple FOAM solver and incorporates the smoke concentration equation to evaluate the efficiency of this method. In this research, the effects of nozzle diameter and shape, the number of jet fans, and dead-end areas in the parking lot architecture on smoke concentration dispersion inside the parking lot have been investigated. The results show that increasing the nozzle diameter reduces smoke concentration by up to 35%. Increasing the number of jet fans has little effect, and using a new type of nozzle can prevent smoke diffusion to smoke-free areas. The smoke reduction for the newly designed jet fan is around 50%.

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Journal of Modeling in Engineering

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 05 January 2025

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History

  • Receive Date: 23 April 2024
  • Revise Date: 15 December 2024
  • Accept Date: 21 December 2024

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