[1] Melville, Bruce W., and Yee-Meng Chiew. "Time scale for local scour at bridge piers." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 125, no. 1 (1999): 59-65.
[2] Komasi, Mehdi, and Rezvan Dalvand. "Evaluation of nonparametric decision tree models for predicting scour depth of bridges." Water Resources and Climate Change 1, no. 1 (2025): 40-50. (in Persian)
[3] Kardan, Nazila, Mahdi Komasi, and Sara Samin Far. "Numerical Simulation of the Bed Scouring Downstream the Triangular Labyrinth Weirs Using Flow-3D." Irrigation and Water Engineering 14, no. 4 (2024): 53-73. (in Persian)
[4] Akbari, Fatemeh. “Modeling of Backwater Scouring of Stilling Basin with Reverse Slope Using FLOW-3D.” Master’s thesis, Lorestan University, (2015). (in Persian).
[5] Mahmoudi, Babak, Mohammad Hemmati, Mehdi Yasi, and Sajad Ahmad Hamidi. "Investigation of local scour downstream of parallel sluice gates." Iranian Journal of Irrigation & Drainage 16, no. 5 (2022): 937-949. (in Persian)
[6] Salabi, Mohammad Ali, Amir Ahmad Dehghani, Mahdi Miftah Halaqi, and Abdul Reza Zahiri. "Estimating the Maximum Depth of Erosion in the Foothills of Hozacheh Ramesh (Case Study: Stone Mortar Embankment of Ziarat Gorgan Watershed).", (2022). (in Persian)
[7] Khalili Shayan, Hossein, and Javad Farhoudi. "Temporal Development of Localized Scour in the Downstream of a Reverse Slope Relaxation Basin." Iranian Water Research 9, no.2 (2015): 51–62. (in Persian)
[8] Alwan, Husam Hadi, Hayder HH Kamonna, and Noor Alaa Hashim. "Evaluation of local scour development downstream an apron of different angles for an ogee spillway." Kufa Journal of Engineering 7, no. 3 (2016): 1-12.
[9] Torfei Salehei, Leila, and Mahmood Shafai Bajestan. "Hydraulic Jump Stilling Basins Downstream Scour Covered with Six-Legs Elements under Reduction of Basin Length." Irrigation Sciences and Engineering 40, no. 4 (2018): 109-124. (in Persian)
[10] Epely-Chauvin, Gaël, Giovanni De Cesare, and Sebastian Schwindt. "Numerical modelling of plunge pool scour evolution in non-cohesive sediments." Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics 8, no. 4 (2014): 477-487.
[11] Sá Machado, L., M. M. C. L. Lima, R. Aleixo, and E. Carvalho. "Effect of the ski jump bucket angle on the scour hole downstream of a converging stepped spillway." International journal of river basin management 18, no. 3 (2020): 383-394.
[12] Abdi Chooplou, Chonoor, Masoud Ghodsian, Davoud Abediakbar, and Aram Ghafouri. "An experimental and numerical study on the flow field and scour downstream of rectangular piano key weirs with crest indentations." Innovative Infrastructure Solutions 8, no. 5 (2023): 140.
[13] Yousefzadeh Podeh, Fatemeh, Mahdi Esmaeili Varaki, Behnam Shafiei Sabet, and Sahameddin Sahameddin Mahmoudi Kurdistani. "Experimental study of the effect of the apron installation on reducing scour depth at the downstream of stepped weirs with labyrinth sill." Journal of Hydraulics 18, no. 1 (2023): 105-125.
[14] Yakhot, V. S. A. S. T. B. C. G., Steven A. Orszag, Siva Thangam, T. B. Gatski, and CG1167781 Speziale. "Development of turbulence models for shear flows by a double expansion technique." Physics of Fluids A: Fluid Dynamics 4, no. 7 (1992): 1510-1520.
[15] GhasemZadeh, F. 2015. Simulation of Hydraulic Problems in FLOW-3D. Iran: Naavar Publications, (2015). (in Persian)
[16] Hedayatifar, M., and M. Pourlak. Fluid Dynamics Simulation with FLOW-3D. Tehran: Ati Nagar Publications, (2014). (in Persian)
[17] Abbas, Fakhar Muhammad, and Norio Tanaka. "Utilization of geogrid and water cushion to reduce the impact of nappe flow and scouring on the downstream side of a levee." Fluids 7, no. 9 (2022): 299.
)