کنترل بار-فرکانس ریزشبکه هیبرید جزیره‌ای با استفاده از کنترل‌کننده فازی PID مرتبه کسری بهینه شده با الگوریتم Cheetah

نوع مقاله : مقاله برق

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی برق، دانشکده فناوری‌های صنعتی، دانشگاه صنعتی ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی برق، دانشکده فناوری‌های صنعتی، دانشگاه صنعتی ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

ریزشبکه هیبرید مفهوم جدیدی است که در دهه ­های اخیر و بر اساس نیاز سیستم­های قدرت تجدید ساختار یافته معرفی شده است. یکی از مهمترین چالش­های ریزشبکه در حالت جزیره­ای، تنظیم و تثبیت فرکانس است.
در این مقاله، یک کنترل­ کننده فازی PID مرتبه کسری برای تثبیت فرکانس معرفی شده است. وجود مرتبه ­کسری در سیستم کنترل کننده باعث بهبود پایداری و سرعت پاسخگویی کنترل­ کننده در شرایط مختلف می­شود. تعیین ضرایب کنترل کننده چالش مهمی محسوب می­شود که از روش­های مختلفی می­توان برای انجام آن استفاده نمود. در این تحقیق برای تعیین ضرایب کنترل­ کننده پیشنهادی، از الگوریتم بهینه ­سازی Cheetah استفاده شده است. این الگوریتم دارای قابلیت­های مهمی از جمله: جلوگیری از همگرایی زودرس و عدم گرفتاری در بهینه محلی است که باعث تمایز آن نسبت به سایر الگوریتم­ها می­شود. لازم به ذکر است که ساختار کنترلی بکار گرفته شده از نوع کنترل متمرکز می­باشد؛ به گونه­ای که سیگنال کنترلی به واحدهای منابع ذخیره انرژی و دیزل ژنراتور ارسال می­گردد. برای مدلسازی دقیق­تر منابع ذخیره انرژی، بلوک­های محدود کننده در خروجی این منابع لحاظ شده است. برای ارزیابی عملکرد کنترل­ کننده پیشنهادی، نتایج حاصل از آن با کنترل­ کننده ­های دیگری مانند PID کلاسیک، PID  مرتبه کسری و فازی PID بهینه شده با دیگر الگوریتم-های بهینه­ سازی مانند GA،  PSO و SCA با در نظر گرفتن چندین معیار اندازه­ گیری خطا شامل: IAE، ISE، ITAE و ITSE مقایسه گردیده است. نتایج بدست آمده نشان می­دهد که کنترل­ کننده پیشنهادی با داشتن کمترین مقدار خطا و بیشترین سرعت همگرایی، دارای عملکرد مطلوب و قابل قبول نسبت به دیگر کنترل کننده های ذکر شده می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Load-Frequency Control of a Hybrid Islanded Microgrid with a Fractional Order Fuzzy PID Controller Optimized by Cheetah Algorithm

نویسندگان [English]

  • Siavash Shirali 1
  • Saeed Zolfaghari Moghaddam 2
  • Mortaza Ali Asghary 2
1 MSc, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technologies, Urmia University of Technology, Urmia, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technologies, Urmia University of Technology, Urmia, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Hybrid microgrid is a new concept that has been introduced in recent decades based on the needs of power systems. One of the most important challenges of the islanded microgrid is frequency regulation. In this paper, a fractional order fuzzy PID controller is introduced to stabilize the frequency. The presence of a fractional order in the controller system improves the stability and response speed of the controller in different conditions. Determining the controller coefficients is an important challenge that can be done using different methods. This paper uses Cheetah optimization algorithm because of its important features such as: preventing premature convergence and not getting stuck in the local optimum, which differentiates it from other algorithms. It should be noted that the structure of the proposed controller is a centralized control type, in which the control signal is sent to the units of energy storage sources and diesel generator. For more accurate modeling of energy storage resources, limiting blocks are included in the output of these resources. To evaluate the performance of the proposed controller, its results have been compared with other controllers, namely: classic PID, fractional order PID and fuzzy PID controllers optimized with other optimization algorithms such as PSO, SCA and GA, using several criteria including: IAE, ISE, ITAE and ITSE. The results show that the proposed controller has the lowest error in terms of error measurement criteria and the highest speed of convergence, with optimal and acceptable performance relative to other controllers are mentioned.
.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Load frequency control
  • Hybrid islanded microgrid
  • Fractional order fuzzy PID controller
  • Cheetah optimizer algorithm

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مدل سازی در مهندسی
دوره 22، شماره 78
آبان 1403
صفحه 217-232

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 28 خرداد 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 18 آذر 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 25 بهمن 1402

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