ارزیابی و پیش‌بینی اثرات اضافه ولتاژهای ناشی از صاعقه بر روی شبکه‌های توزیع پیچیده با مدل‌سازی فرکانس بالا اجزای آن

نوع مقاله : مقاله برق

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه علم و فناوری مازندران

2 گروه برق- دانشکده برق و کامپیوتر- دانشگاه علم و فناوری مازندران

چکیده

در این مقاله با مدل‌سازی رفتار گذرای تمامی اجزای شبکه توزیع، اضافه ولتاژهای ناشی از برخورد مستقیم و غیرمستقیم صاعقه پیش‌بینی‌شده‌ است. تأثیر پارامترهایی چون مقدار پیک جریانی صاعقه، سیستم زمین با در نظر گرفتن مدل‌های فرکانس بالای آن و پدیده غیرخطی یونیزاسیون خاک، مدل بارهای مختلف، مقاومت ویژه خاک موردبررسی قرارگرفته است. همچنین تأثیر ساختمان‌های بلند مجاور خطوط توزیع شهری و نقش آن در حذف برخی از برق‌گیرها، تأثیر استفاده از سیم گارد در مناطق صاعقه خیز و اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده از ﻛﺎﺑـﻞ در ﻣﺤﻞ اﺗﺼﺎل ﺧـﻂ ﻫـﻮاﻳﻲ ﺑـﻪ ﺗﺮاﻧـﺴﻔﻮرﻣﺎﺗﻮر به‌موجب کاهش اضافه ولتاژها مورد ارزیابی قرارگرفته است. یک الگوریتم پیشنهادی مناسب با لحاظ کردن پارامترهای مؤثر بر اضافه ولتاژهای ناشی از صاعقه برای ارزیابی اثرات این اضافه ولتاژها در شبکه توزیع ارائه شده است. نتایج این پژوهش می‌تواند در انتخاب سطح عایقی مناسب تجهیزات شبکه توزیع، ارزیابی اقتصادی طراحی شبکه و بررسی حذف و اضافه نمودن برق‌گیرها مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation and Prediction of Over-Voltages Effects Caused by Direct/Indirect Lightning Stroke on Complex Power Distribution Networks Using High Frequency Modeling of the Components

نویسندگان [English]

  • faridodoin safaei 1
  • nabiollah ramezani 2
  • milad niazazari 1
1
2 Electrical and Computer Department, Electrical engineering group- University of Science and Technology of Mazandaran
چکیده [English]

In this paper by transient behavior modeling of all components in the distribution network, the overvoltages caused by direct and indirect of lightning strokes has been predicted. The influence of different parameters have been studied such as lightning current maximum, grounding system with considering its high frequency models and nonlinear phenomenon of soil ionization, the different load models and soil resistivity. Also the effects of different conditions have been evaluated such as the adjacent buildings in urban distribution lines and its role to remove some of surge arresters, use of shielding wire in some areas with high density of lightning, use of cables at the junction of overhead line transformer to reduce the over-voltages. An appropriate algorithm is proposed by considering the parameters affecting lightning overvoltages to evaluate the effects of these overvoltages on the distribution network. The results of this study can be used in choose of the appropriate insulation level for distribution network equipment, economic evaluation in network design and removal and addition of surge arresters.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Distribution Network
  • Direct and Indirect of Lightning
  • High Frequency Models
  • Transient Over-Voltage
   [1]      Napolitano, F., Borghetti, A., Nucci, C., Martinez, M., Lopesb, G., Dos Santos, G. (2014). “Protection against lightning overvoltages in resonant grounded power distribution networks”. Electric Power Systems Research, Vol. 113, pp. 121-128.
   [2]      Napolitano, F., Borghetti, A., Paolone M., Bernardi, M. (2011). “Voltage transient measurements in a distribution network correlated with data from lightning location system and from sequence of events recorder”. Electric Power Systems Research, Vol. 81, No.2, pp. 237-253.
   [3]      Araújo, M., Flauzino, R., Altafim, R., Batista O., Moraes, L. (2015). “Practical methodology for modeling and simulation of a lightning protection system using metal-oxide surge arresters for distribution lines”. Electric Power Systems Research, Vol. 118, pp. 47-54.
   [4]      Conti, A., Silveira, F., Visacro, S. (2012). “Lightning overvoltages on complex low-voltage distribution networks”. Electric Power Systems Research, Vol. 85, pp. 7-15.
   [5]      Nucci, C., Rachidi, F., Ianoz, M., Mazzetti, C. (1993). “Lightning induced voltages on overhead lines”. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 35, No. 1, pp. 75-86.
   [6]       Rachidi, F., Nucci, C., Ianoz M., Mazzetti, C. (1996). “Influence of a lossy ground on lightning induced voltages on overhead lines”. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 38, No. 3, pp. 250-264.
   [7]      Borghetti, A., Napolitano, F., Nucci, C., Paolone, M. (2013). “Effects of nearby buildings on lightning induced voltages on overhead power distribution lines”. Electric Power Systems Research, Vol. 94, pp. 38-45.
   [8]      Vieira, M., Janiszewski, J. (2015). “Propagation of lightning electromagnetic fields in the presence of buildings”. Electric Power Systems Research, Vol. 118, pp. 101-109.
   [9]      Moini, R., Kordi, B., Abedi M. (1998). “Evaluation of LEMP effects on complex wire structures located above a perfectly conducting ground using electric field integral equation in time domain”. IEEE Transactions on EMC, Vol. 40, No. 2, pp. 154-162.
[10]      Georgilakis P., Kagiannas, A. (2014). “A novel validated solution for lightning and surge protection of distribution transformers”. Electrical Power and Energy Systems, Vol. 63, pp. 373-381.
[11]      Omidiora, M., Lehtonen, M. (2008). “A comparative study on the shielding effect of tree, concrete building on direct lightning strokes to medium voltage distribution line”. Proc. 40th conference in Power Symposium, Calgary, North American, pp.1-7.
[12]      Zhou, L., Boggs, S. (2002). “Effect of shielded distribution cables on lightning-induced overvoltages in a distribution system”. In Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 17, No.2, pp.569-574.
[13]      Cigre Working Group 01 of SC 33. (1991). “Guide to Procedure for Estimating the Lightning Performance of Transmission Lines”. No. 63.
[14]      Gazzana, D., Bretas, A., Dias, D., Tello, M., Thomas, D. (2014). “The Transmission Line Modeling Method to Represent the Soil Ionization Phenomenon in Grounding Systems”. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 50, No. 2, pp. 505-508.
[15]      Cooray, V. (2010). “Horizontal Electric Field Above- and Underground Produced by Lightning Flashes”. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 52, No. 4, pp. 936-943.
[16]      Saran, M., Martinez, M., Oliviera, H., Nucci, C., Palone, M. (2007). “Performance analysis of medium voltage overhead distribution line against lightning”. Proc. 19th CIRED - International Conference on Electricity Distribution, Vienna.
[17]      Bruce, C., Golde, R. (1941). “The lightning discharge”. in Electrical Engineers - Part II: Power Engineering, Journal of the Institution of , Vol. 88, No. 6, pp. 487-505.
[18]      Martinez J., Aranda, F. (2005). “Lightning performance analysis of overhead transmission lines using the EMTP”. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 20, No. 3, pp. 2200-2210.
[19]      Nafar, M., Solookinejad, GH., Jabbari, M. (2014). “Comparison of IEEE and Pinceti Models of Surge Arresters”. Research Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol. 3, No. 5, pp. 32-34.
[20]      Zhou L., Boggs, S. (2000). “Effect of shielded distribution cable on very fast transients”. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 15, No. 3, pp. 857-863.
[21]      Unahalekhaka, P. (2014). “Simplified Modeling of Metal Oxide Surge Arresters”. Energy Procedia, Vol. 56, pp. 92-101.
[22]      Bassi, W. (2014) “High frequency input impedance modeling of low-voltage residential installations - influence on lightning overvoltage simulations results”. Springer Plus Journal, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 690-701.
[23]      Matsuura, S., Noda, T., Asakawa, A., Yokoyama, S. (2007). “EMTP Modeling of a Distribution Line for Lightning Overvoltage Studies”. International Conference on Power Systems Transients (IPST), Lyon, France.
[24]      Silveira, F., Visacro, S. (2007). “Evaluation of Lightning-induced Voltages in Low-Voltage Distribution networks”. International Symposium on Lightning Protection, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil.
[25]      Conti, A., Visacro, S. (2007). “Analytical Representation of Single- and Double-Peaked Lightning Current Waveforms”. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 49, No. 2, pp. 448-451.
[26]      IEEE Fast Front Transients Task Force. (1996). “Modeling Guidelines for Fast Front Transients”. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 11, No.1, pp. 493-506.
[27]      Rakov, V., Uman, M. (1998).“Review and evaluation of lightning return stroke models including some aspects of their application”. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 40, No. 4, pp. 403-426.
[28]      Conti, A., Perez, E., Soto, E., Silveira, F., Visacro, S., Torres, H. (2010). “Calculation of Lightning-Induced Voltages on Overhead Distribution Lines Including Insulation Breakdown”. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 25, No. 4, pp. 3078-3084.
[29]      Paolone, M., Nucci, C., Petrache, A., Rachidi, F. (2004). “Mitigation of lightning-induced overvoltages in medium Voltage distribution lines by means of periodical grounding of shielding wires and of surge arresters: modeling and experimental validation”. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 423-431.