بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر اضافه ولتاژهای گذرای ناشی از صاعقه در شبکه فشار ضعیف و نقش SPD منصوبه در پای پست در حفاظت از شبکه‌

نوع مقاله : مقاله برق

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ‌ارشد، دانشکده مهندسی برق و کامپیوتر، دانشگاه سمنان

2 استاد، دانشکده مهندسی برق و کامپیوتر، دانشگاه سمنان

چکیده

موج‌های ضربه ناشی از برخورد مستقیم و یا غیرمستقیم صاعقه به شبکه‌های توزیع، تجهیزات شبکه و مصرف‌کنندگان را تهدید می­کنند. پارامتر‌های متعددی بر روی شدت اضافه‌ ولتاژهای گذرای ناشی از صاعقه (surge)، مؤثر هستند و مطالعات قابل توجهی نیز در این حوزه به انجام رسیده است. اما، اثر برخی پارامترها بر ضربه‌های گذرا در شبکه فشار ضعیف مورد بررسی قرار نگرفته است. از جمله این موارد می­توان به استفاده از کابل خودنگهدار بجای سیم لخت هوایی و اثر نول‌های توزیع شده در طول فیدر فشارضعیف اشاره کرد. لذا، در این مقاله به بررسی نقش دو عامل ذکر شده، بر شدت اضافه ولتاژهای گذرا در شبکه توزیع فشارضعیف پرداخته می­شود. وجود دستگاه محافظ در برابر موج گذرا (SPD) در ثانویه ترانسفورماتور توزیع، تاثیر قابل توجهی بر حفاظت از ترانسفورماتور توزیع در برابر برخورد مستقیم و غیر مستقیم صاعقه به شبکه توزیع فشار ضعیف دارد. اما تا کنون برخی از تاثیرات این SPD بر ضربه­های گذرا در ورودی مشترکین شبکه توزیع فشارضعیف، مورد بررسی قرار نگرفته است. لذا در این مقاله، نقش مثبت و منفی SPD نصب شده در پای پست توزیع، بر مشترکین موجود بر روی فیدرهای توزیع فشار ضعیف مورد بررسی قرار می­گیرد. بر اساس بررسی­ها مشخص می­شود که SPD نصب شده در پای پست بر کدام مشترکین و در چه شرایطی اثر مثبت و یا منفی دارد. بر اساس مطالعات این نتیجه حاصل شد که وجود SPD در پای پست، برای برخی ازمشترکین باعث کاهش شدت موج ضربه و برای برخی دیگر باعث افزایش شدت آن می­گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Factors Affecting the Transient Overvoltages Caused by Lightning in the Low-Voltage Network and the Role of the SPD Installed in the Substation in Protecting the Network

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ahmad Moradi 1
  • Asghar Akbari Foroud 2
1 MSc Student, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Surges caused by direct or indirect lightning strikes on distribution networks threaten network equipment and consumers. Several parameters affect the intensity of transient over-voltages caused by lightning (surge), and significant studies have been done in this field. However, the effect of some parameters on the surges in the low-voltage network has not been investigated. Among these cases, we can mention using self-supporting cable instead of open wire and the effect of neutrals distributed along the low-voltage feeder. Therefore, in this article, the role of the two mentioned factors on the intensity of transient over-voltages in the low-voltage distribution network is investigated. The presence of a surge protective device (SPD) in the secondary of the distribution transformer has a significant effect on the protection of the distribution transformer against direct and indirect lightning strikes to the low-voltage distribution network. But so far, some of the effects of this SPD on surges at the input of low-voltage consumers have not been investigated. Therefore, in this article, the positive and negative role of the SPD installed in the distribution substation on the consumers is investigated. Based on the investigations, it is determined that the SPD installed at the substation has a positive or negative effect on which subscribers and under what conditions. Based on the studies, it was concluded that the presence of SPD at the distribution substation reduces the intensity of the surge for some subscribers and increases the intensity of the surge for others.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Direct lightning strike Indirect lightning strike
  • Low voltage network
  • Surge Protective Device (SPD)
  • Self-supporting cables
  • Distributed neutrals
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